Sexual Desire - Early Modern Literature free essay sample

‘[T]o me it’s ease / Since in these flames I can Aeneas please’ (Wharton, A Paraphrase on the last Speech of Dido in Virgil’s Aeneis). Discuss the representation of sexual desire in two of your module text. There is no denying we all have sexual urges and desires. We also have gender typical views on the desire of both sexes. In this essay I am going to look at the representation of sexual desire within the digressional world of Tristram Shandy and within the Sexual Difference poetry, to see how sexuality is depicted as well as dire and how gender impacts our perception of it. In Thomas Wyatts ‘whoso list to hunt’ we see a stereotypical representation of male and female desire. The male portrayed as the hunter and the female and the prey. Controversially, the female figure is represented by a deer. While a deer represents nature, gentleness, grace, it also can be seen as degrading, being represented by an animal; as weak and feeble. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual Desire Early Modern Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I do not believe this to be the case. Throughout the poem, the roles seem to be very much reversed. What begins as an optimistic opening, ‘ I know where is an hind’ (1) by line two becomes a lamenting sentiment, which ends at the cliche that is ‘but, ‘But as for me, alas, I may no more (2). The deer appears to have the upper hand and the control. The brutal hunter we expect cannot be found within this poem, rather a stumbling, love sick man, seeking to tame the untameable. Rather than the image of a hunter seeking prey being negative, can this not represent his struggle and strife with his emotions. The deer is irresistible to the hunter, it is his instinct to go after her, he cannot help himself, although it is against his better judgement and against his bodies’ capacity: The vain travail hath wearied me so sore I am of them that farthest cometh behind. Yet may I, by no means, my wearied mind Draw from the deer, but as she fleeth afore Fainting I follow (3-7) The word fainting suggests that he is entranced by her, The repetition of the opening phrase in line nine, is an evaluation of his situation and position with this female he so desires. The piece changes once more, to no longer a self lament, but rather a piece of advice for fellow ‘hunters if you will. We also learn a lot about the way in which female desire is perceived with this poem. Is it the deers desire to be hunted? Every time the hunter draws closer she flees only to wait for him to draw closer once more. It is important also to recognise that the woman is passive within the poem. She remains mute throughout. Even the necklace around her neck speaks on her behalf, ‘ for Caesar’s I am’ (13). While she appears at first free, in fact she is still very much restricted under the ownership of Caesar, be this a literal man or a representation of a man of power and wealth, by being owned she is forbidden to the hunter. Maybe in fact the poem draws on ideas of the forbidden, that she appeals to him because of the fact he cannot have her. Wyatt plays on our perceptions of relationships through the visual image of Caesar’s hinds. Each hind was encrypted with: Noli me tangere quia Caesaris sum (Touch me not for I am Caesars) on their collars and were then set free and presumed to be safe from prying hunters. Wyatt parallels this with the idea that if a woman is spoken for she is presumed safe from other men. There is the issue of her freedom within this poem. The idea of being ‘owned’ by a man. Caesar’s hinds were set free, collared so they are not killed. The final part of the encryption in the poem reads, ‘And wild for to hold, though I seem tame’ (14). This Final line suggests that while she’s is collared she is not to be owned by anyone, she is wild, wild with desire, and desire cannot be tamed. This is suggested earlier in the poem ‘Since in a net seek to hold the wind’ (8)

Free Essays on Old Toy Favorites Lead The Way

Critique Old Toy Favorites Lead the Way By: Eric Walhgren Summary: With the upcoming holiday season nearing this article was only appropriate. This article was a handy guide to what is hot in the toy departments this season. Surprisingly, the hot toys this Christmas are nostalgic, old toys are beginning to resurface. Toys like Elmo, Transformers, My Little Pony, Strawberry Shortcake, Care Bears, Cabbage Patch Kids, Legos, and much more. Along with the toys of yesteryear parents are moving towards more interactive learning toys such as Leapfrog. With the slow economy and many budgeting parents this season average cost of toys are ranging from $29.99-50.00. Parents are warned to watch out for the hype of overpriced internet bidding, on sites such as Ebay, for these old favorites. Strengths: What I loved about this article is how it took me back to my childhood. As I child I played with a many of the above mentioned toys such as My Little Pony and I just loved Strawberry Shortcake and who could live without a Cabbage Patch Kid. The timing of the article was very appropriate with the big holiday shopping season nearing. It also was informative of the marketing scheme which was that the kids who grew up playing with these toys during the 80’s are now parents and it gives them a chance to be able to interact with their own children by purchasing their old favorites. Weaknesses: I could not find any weaknesses in this article it was to the point and it delivered. The article was informative as well as precise, and not to mention entertaining. Personal Opinion: What inspired me to choose this article was the nostalgic feeling that I got while reading it. This article took me to a place that I haven’t visited in years; my childhood. The thought of my child being able to enjoy the same toys that I grew up loving is great. I think that was and excellent gesture by marketers.... Free Essays on Old Toy Favorites Lead The Way Free Essays on Old Toy Favorites Lead The Way Critique Old Toy Favorites Lead the Way By: Eric Walhgren Summary: With the upcoming holiday season nearing this article was only appropriate. This article was a handy guide to what is hot in the toy departments this season. Surprisingly, the hot toys this Christmas are nostalgic, old toys are beginning to resurface. Toys like Elmo, Transformers, My Little Pony, Strawberry Shortcake, Care Bears, Cabbage Patch Kids, Legos, and much more. Along with the toys of yesteryear parents are moving towards more interactive learning toys such as Leapfrog. With the slow economy and many budgeting parents this season average cost of toys are ranging from $29.99-50.00. Parents are warned to watch out for the hype of overpriced internet bidding, on sites such as Ebay, for these old favorites. Strengths: What I loved about this article is how it took me back to my childhood. As I child I played with a many of the above mentioned toys such as My Little Pony and I just loved Strawberry Shortcake and who could live without a Cabbage Patch Kid. The timing of the article was very appropriate with the big holiday shopping season nearing. It also was informative of the marketing scheme which was that the kids who grew up playing with these toys during the 80’s are now parents and it gives them a chance to be able to interact with their own children by purchasing their old favorites. Weaknesses: I could not find any weaknesses in this article it was to the point and it delivered. The article was informative as well as precise, and not to mention entertaining. Personal Opinion: What inspired me to choose this article was the nostalgic feeling that I got while reading it. This article took me to a place that I haven’t visited in years; my childhood. The thought of my child being able to enjoy the same toys that I grew up loving is great. I think that was and excellent gesture by marketers....

Is Marketing For Introverts Unlock Your Potential

Is Marketing For Introverts Unlock Your Potential Always a shy child, my mother approached me during my high school career and informed me that I was to send in an application to the Hugh O’Brien Youth Leadership seminar. â€Å"I don’t want to go to that,† I informed her. â€Å"There will be lots of people I don’t know there.† â€Å"That’s precisely why you should go,† she said. And I did go. My mother knows half of the state of North Dakota, and is completely unafraid to approach them for a chat. I look down at the ground when I walk and hope no one will try to start a conversation. Clearly, we are different creatures. Back then, I was both introverted and shy, though I have (mostly) outgrown shyness through such things asyouth leadership seminars. However, the introversion- the desire to be alone much of the time- remains. And that’s perfectly OK. Introversion kind of took on a life of its own in recent years, partly thanks to the book â€Å"The Power Of Introverts In A World That Can’t Stop Talking† and its associated TED talk  by Susan Cain. Social media feeds were flooded with people proud to lay claim to their introversion, glad to have found a spokesperson so they didn’t have to say it. There’s even a website dedicated to the â€Å"Quiet Revolution†, people who aren’t much for talking who live in a world where noise and constant speech is both common and rewarded. â€Å"Why are all the introverts on social media?† my friend asked, when I pointed out this trend wave. â€Å"Wouldn’t that be the last place to be?† â€Å"That’s a good question.† Is Marketing For Introverts? Insider Advice To Unlock Your Potential Introversion 101 Being introverted is not the same as being shy. When my mom encouraged me to attend youth events, do public speaking in 4-H, and anything to get me used to communicating with people, she was trying to help me get over being shy. Shyness can be a crippling problem, but introversion is not. Introverts aren’t weird, awkward, social nerds, too serious, shy- those are all negatives. Introverts simply need and are energized by being alone. Introversion is, in the most pared down definition, getting more energy by not being around people. Introverts get more energy by not being around people. Here's how it works for #marketing.Introverts have a limited energy account when it comes to being around people, and when it’s used up, they are exhausted on all levels. They need to go away and be by themselves and recharge. According to Psychology Today, if you... Like being by yourself. Think and create better by yourself and not in groups. Lead best when your followers are self-starters. Are reluctant to volunteer or get involved in groups and be in the spotlight. (People looking at you, talking to and about you? Just no.) Are constantly being asked what your opinion is. (Because you seldom volunteer it, unlike extroverts who specialize in sharing their opinion.) Wear headphones or create barriers between you and others when out in public. (If you’re like me, you carry a book around to read because you like to read, and it also keeps people from talking to you most of the time.) Avoid angry or upset people. (Confrontation? Just no.) Get way more calls and emails than you receive. (Unless your job forces you to participate). Don’t initiate small talk and don’t want to chat casually when encountering other people. ...you are an introvert. More or less. There are always exceptions to how people shake out, but it’s a good general list of introverted qualities. Not everyone is an extrovert or an introvert; some of you are ambiverts. You have a bit of both going on. Take The Test: Are you an introvert or an extrovert? Take the online test to find out. The Requirements Of Content Marketing For Introverts What does the world of content marketing require, particularly from the vantage point of an introvert? 1. There will be marketing. I can never sell my own stuff. â€Å"That’s a nice painting, Julie. Is it for sale? I’d like to buy it.† And then I somehow manage to apologize for the painting existing and apologize for it being for sale. If the silence is sufficiently awkward, I may apologize for apologizing. Marketing is not second nature to me. I want Magic Sales, whose unicorn customers buy silently and with neither pursuit nor question of the seller, crossing my palm with silver and going on their way without trying to extrapolate a pound of conversation from me. #ContentMarketing requires people, talking, selling. Here's how to handle it as an introvert.Magic Sales are not marketing. Even blue moons whisper of their rarity. Traditional marketing means you have to go out and find people, talk to them to figure out what they want, and then figure out how to sell based on that. Or, if it is inbound marketing, you must start the conversation on your blog or social account, and then be prepared to talk and sell when people come to you. Either way, there’s going to be people, talking, and selling. Hard stuff for introverts. 2. There may be teams. Team and group work is common for content marketing. Teams for writing, for editing, for planning, for idea generation. We talk about teams on this blog all the time. Unfortunately, introverts don’t shine in these kinds of group settings. Being surrounded by people tires them, much less people talking. They don’t fight for their right to be heard, because they are working hard at conserving their energy instead of burning through it, and just being in a room with other people is sapping it. Brainstorming, in particular, can be frustrating because introverts often fall silent as extroverts run roughshod over the room. For this reason, I tend to use individual brainstorming techniques  more in my own work than in groups. But teamwork, unless you are a solo blogger, is inevitable. I usually tried to take a break after a meeting, or get off by myself to recharge so I could process the discussion I just heard. Or, if you know the meeting is about brainstorming ideas, for example, do your own brainstorming ahead of time, write it down, and bring it with you. Introvert marketer? Know your strengths and find time to work by yourself.In other words, you can’t get away from working in teams, but you can make the most of your alone time both by taking advantage of when you’re creatively best and by planning in alone time to recharge. Some people will see you as unfriendly, weird, or â€Å"not a team player† but you are not responsible for that. Lock an extrovert in a room by themselves constantly, and see how well they produce. It’s the same thing. You know your strengths. Find ways to sneak them in, even between group activities. 3. There will be questions. Content marketing is about conversation, and that’s tough for introverts. It’s not that introverts are bumbling and inept conversationalists. On the contrary, introverts often have many good things to say because they spend a lot of time thinking instead of talking all the time. So introversion and being slow or less inclined to talk instantly should never be taken as a sign of a lack of intelligence. I love to have deep conversations with a limited handful of friends during specific settings and times after which I will go home and become quiet. Introverts seem as if they aren’t always â€Å"on† even though the truth is that we’re â€Å"on† but sometimes turn down the volume. Introverts are  'on' but sometimes turn down the volume.But when you are successful with your content marketing, there is a steady flow of conversation coming your way, from readers and fans. And not all of them are forgiving if you take a day or week to respond. This is tough for introverts. We know what we have to do (instant response!) and we know what we can do (delayed response, and not all at once). I don’t always hop in and answer social media and blog comments instantaneously. It’s not that I don’t want to thank people, or answer questions, but I can’t always handle it. I have to set aside time, and then mentally prepare myself to dive in for a short while before I’m worn out. There will always be people who want instant response, and those introverts may not be able to please all the time. However, you can make up for that by always being genuine and real in your responses, using first names of people, answering their questions, encouraging or sincerely complimenting their ideas. I like to think that delayed sincerity is better than instant insincerity. And if an introvert is forced to respond instantly, the depleted energy means insincerity will quite often surface. 4. There is a need for written words. Introverts often (not always, but often) excel at the written word. If you’re like me, you don’t talk much, but instead live a life inside your head, finding that writing is your chosen method of communicating. You can clearly articulate your thoughts much better in the written word than in the spoken word. Writing, after all, is a solitary activity. It doesn’t matter if you’re surrounded by people; when it comes to making it happen, it’s you and the blank page. Good news: Content marketing needs written words. For the introverts who excel at writing, there is a place for them in #contentmarketing.Sometimes I am amazed by the need to help people clarify ideas and show them how to make written blog posts happen. If you’re used to being alone, and you’re familiar with that time being the point when your mind kicks into highest gear, such issues don’t exist. Yes, there are the mechanics of it to deal with (editing, grammar, logic, etc.), but the struggle to come up with the ideas that fuel the words is much less. If you’re an introvert by struggling with writing, go with freeform and stream of consciousness approaches to your writing, simply typing out whatever it is you’re thinking. Because you are thinking. You can clean the randomness out of the copy later. What’s An Introvert To Do? You can’t change the expected norms for content marketing, a realm that seems to be filled with lots of energetic extroverted folks, but you can find a way to exist and not burn out. Extroverts may not appreciate your approach, but if you want to do content marketing for the long haul, you can’t run yourself into the ground. 1. Recharge regularly. You have to recharge. Go offline, get off of social media. Do something. Get away from the conversation and get some quiet time alone to recharge. I’m particularly absent from my clients and professional social media accounts during the weekend. I periodically remove social apps from my phone. I go for walks, and set aside a day to do â€Å"analog† projects like art or reading. That’s how I get through the week. 2. Do the math. If you blog more and post on social media more, you get more conversation back. That’s the goal of content marketing, isn’t it? That’s the formula you hear about, right? That’s what success is? Maybe. Unless you can’t handle it. You’d be better off writing and generating content with a return you can handle than not. Don’t publish two blog posts a day if you can’t handle the conversational upkeep. Don’t post 15 times a day on social media if you can’t handle the engagement. 3. Write when you’re alone. Writing when you’re being interrupted by team members or other people will be reflected in your final copy. Write when you’re alone. Try to arrange the option to have a room for yourself (if you’re in an open office) or some hours to work from home. You have a legitimate reason: You do your best work alone. Don’t they want your best work? Introvert?  Work alone. You have a good reason: It's when you do your best work.4. Inject time into conversation. Introverts aren’t slow-witted, but some of us prefer to slow communication down to allow for thought. Those who thrive on fast-talking, instant communication are not going to like you for doing it, but that is not the concern. Do what you can do. Responding quickly in an energy deficit is a dangerous policy, and can lead to rash or formulaic responses. One of the reasons I like paper snail mail is that it forces time into the conversation equation. Writing, mailing, waiting, opening, responding- these all take time. Weeks, often. I can write long letters, and don’t even mind letters from people I don’t know, because I can communicate in writing and use the large time gaps to recoup energy for the next round. Email, text messages, social messages, phone calls- these demand immediate response. If you don’t respond right away, all kinds of social interpretations and anxiety  seems to happen. â€Å"Are you angry with me?† â€Å"Are you ignoring me?!† â€Å"You can’t stick your head in the sand.† â€Å"You’re being unprofessional.† â€Å"This is a high speed world. I need you to respond.† â€Å"Why aren’t you interested in what I have to say?† â€Å"Please return my call ASAP. This is important.† (Important to whom?) How fun it is to get an email or message, and then another in an hour, and then the next day...soon the whole thing has escalated and I don’t even know how to respond at this point when the only reason I didn’t respond initially wasn’t to be a jerk, but because I was recouping my energy and thinking of what I would say. If you meet an aggressive person demanding response, perhaps you might consider a couple I use: â€Å"I am thinking about this and will get back to you later.† â€Å"Thanks for the email. I am not interested at this time.† â€Å"I won’t commit to anything on the phone. I need to think about it. What is your email address?† In this way, I acknowledge the communication, but I don’t have to respond until I’m able. I don’t answer emails for work on the weekend. I don’t answer an email before thinking about the answer for at least a day or so, particularly if it is for business or professional reasons and it is a new client I am not familiar with. I don’t pick up the phone if I don’t recognize the number, using voicemail to slow that conversation down. If someone is pushy on the phone, I end the conversation and transfer it to a written medium (often email) where I can think and communicate clearly and slow things down. In other words, I’m injecting time into conversations because it’s what I need. I refuse to be wrangled into someone else’s preferred communication style if they are asking me for a response. My response comes wrapped in its own style, just as their request was wrapped in their style. Blog posts and articles that purport to tell you how to force people to respond  in a timely manner make my skin crawl. I shudder to think of a world where the demand to respond has to be instant or you’ll face an onslaught of follow-up emails, calls, and other sorts of pestering or accusations. Inject time into conversations if you feel your stress level rising and your energy depleting. Make Content Marketing  Work For An Introvert Like You This may sound a bit harsh, particularly if you’re not firmly in the introvert camp. But if you are, you know the weariness that you feel at the end of a day of being around and talking to people. If it is OK for extroverts to constantly recharge, the same should be said of introverts. You introverts have great skills, and in some ways are well-suited to content marketing. By simply protecting your time, energy, and creative core, you will be able to do well for a long time in this industry instead of suffering from burnout. There are more extroverts in the world, but you belong in that world, too. No apologies.

INTRO INTO LAW ENFORCEMENT UNIT 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

INTRO INTO LAW ENFORCEMENT UNIT 3 - Assignment Example Finally it aims at preparing some senior officers for greater roles in their service to the nation (Kratcoski, P. C., & Das, D. K. 2007). The program has a total of four progressive phases which should take a total of seventy days as well as the Daily Observation Reports (D.O.R) which requires a total of fifty five days. The base model for the program was modeled after San Jose FTEP and it is important to establish the fact that the program may vary from one department to another depending on the nature of work and geographical location. Phase I is made which is regarded as the limbo time, takes a total of five working days and is meant to allow the trainer to familiarize him/herself with the trainer. Phase II is for the trainee to be evaluated by the senior Field Training Officer, it takes a total of five working days. Phase III is known as shadow time and also makes a total of five days. Phase IV which is further subdivided into three smaller segment, is made up of seven working days of which five days need one to have completed DOR. Phase V which forms the final phase forms the balance of the 365 day of the entire probation period. Field training program is a basic requirement by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies for all organizations that are considering to be accredited. The program is of great advantage in the sense that it offers a means through non-performing officers can be identified and relieved off their duties. It further minimizes civil litigation which relates to non-criminal offences. Analyzing the jobs of the policing officers is not an easy task in the sense that it is difficult to understand the relationship between the officers and the community hence feedback from the community cannot be used as an accurate measure of the effectiveness of the program. The program may affect affirmative actions efforts since it considers the performance of the Field Training

Philosophy of law ( movie review ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy of law ( movie review ) - Essay Example These were the main areas that they did not want to thrive amidst the Jews in Germany. The Jewish synagogues were burnt to ashes and their children were expelled from school. Only the native religion and culture was to be upheld. The acts of the Nazis apparently relied on the philosophy of nationalism. Nationalism demands that a nation protects its interests and sovereignty with all means possible. Any intruding civilization is treated with inferiority and cruelty. In the case of â€Å"Night of Broken Glass†, nationalism had been exaggerated by its proponents. It was expansionist nationalism, marked with a radical military aggression towards the Jews. Nazism may be justified on the basis of sovereignty and prevention of culture distortion. Whereas the government and the Nazis were strongly supporting nationalism philosophy, a large faction of the natives seemed quite hesitant to act against the Jews. It may be said that these people were buying into communism; a classless form socialization that enhances unity. Communism, other than preserving unity, protects human dignity and rights, including

American Colonies Essay Example for Free

American Colonies Essay The journey to America by Christopher Columbus in 1492 marked a new path for explorers from all over the world. England was one of those countries to explore the Newfoundland and settled into colonial America. By the 1700’s, Britain’s settlers divided into three distinct cultures within America. The New England, Middle, and Southern colonies were formed because of their differences in religious beliefs, geographic aspects, and occupation types. The variety of religious view in the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies helped evolve the differences between them. The New England colonies heavily practiced puritanism. Puritanism was a strict religion that’s main ideal was â€Å"everything you do affects all of us.† The puritans highly prioritized work ethic and were not afraid to publicly shun their members if the puritans disapproved of their actions. They believed their religion should be involved in all aspects of their life. The puritans strongly opposed the Quakers who, by the 1700’s, had settled into the Middle colonies. Quakers, also called the Religious Society of Friends, greatly differed to New England’s religious beliefs. The Quakers were a diverse group of people of deep conviction. They were advocates of passive resistance, but also devoted democratic people. The Quakers believed that they were all children in the sight of God. To the Puritans, the Bible supplied all religious authority, but Quakers believed that God could and did speak directly to the people. The Southern colonies largely supported the Church of England. The Church of England, whose members are called Anglicans, clung to a faith less severe and worldlier than the Puritanical New England. All three religions in all three different societies differed majorly in their beliefs. The Puritans strict ways clashed with the Quakers diverse and open views. The Church of England conflicted with the goal of the Puritans to purify the Church. The varied beliefs of the people divided them into the three colonies in early America. In addition, the distinct geography of each colony furthered the separation of their societies. The heavily glaciated soil in New England colony was filled with rocks. This rocky soil left New England less ethnically mixed. European immigrants were not attracted to the rocky soil of New England and decided to move elsewhere. Unlike the rocky soil of the New England  colonies, the Middle colonies became known as the â€Å"breadbasket† colonies because of the fertile soil and heavily exports of grain. Rivers also played a vital role in the difference of the Middle colonies from the others. The broad streams like the Susquehanna, Delaware and Hudson attracted fur trade and some adventurous spirits of the colonists. Unlike the New England’s many waterfalls, the Middle colonies waterways allowed little power with a water wheel. The Southern soil created a major difference to the rest of the colonies. The soil of the South was rich and fertile. Unlike New England’s hot summers and cruelly cold winters, the Southern heat was very humid and made the Southern colonies perfect for farming. The geographic differences between the colonies, including the variances of soil, rivers and weather, caused each colony to become more unique. As a result of the geographic aspects of the three colonies, specific occupations were found more often in certain colonies. The New England soil and climate created a diverse agriculture and industry. Unable to farm on rocks, some New England people turned to the harbors for fishing while others turned to dense forests, to work on cutting down trees and building ships. These jobs created a town-like atmosphere in the New England colony. The Middle colonies occupations proved very similar to the New England colonies. With the dense Virginal forest many became a lumberjacks or a ship builders. However, the Southern colonies fertile soil and humid weather created a farming franchise. Men had big farms called plantations. They grew crops to get cash and sold these crops to Great Britain. Because of the demanding work of owning a plantation, many slaves from Africa worked for the English farmers. The spread of slavery in the South created major gaps in their social structure. At the top of social ladder stood the small group of powerful plantation owners. Beneath them were small farmers, the biggest social group. Still lower on the social ladder were the landless whites, and beneath them were the indentured servants who were soon replaced with black slaves. The South created a separation between them and the other colonies because of their immigration of slaves. The variety of occupation types in each colony created majorly different societies. The major differences in each society helped evolve three distinct colonies. Each society had different beliefs and religions. The strict ways of the New England puritans clashed with the free spirit of the Quakers in the Middle colonies and the Anglican ways of the Southern colonies. The variety of soil, rivers, and weather helped create three distinct colonies. The rocky soil in the New England colonies, large rivers in the Middle colonies, and good soil and humid weather in the Southern colonies also helped create a vast assortment of occupations in each colony. With lumberjacks and ship builders in the New England and Middle colonies, and farming in the South, the jobs of the people in each society were majorly varied. The difference in each colony allowed groups of people to regulate their own lives. This later the creation of different states and governments, further separated the America. This separation in beliefs helped cause the civil war. The early difference in society in the 1700’s helped pave the way for many other conflicted views later on in America.

Is Doubt the Key to Knowledge? Essay -- Proverb Analysis

Doubt is the middle ground between blind acceptance and outright refusal to believe. Doubt lends itself to a certain uncomfortable feeling of questioning but is a necessary tool to reach perceived truth and knowledge. Without doubt, one would believe anything he or she is told; it is a natural filter for the information thrust upon us. Doubt is in some ways the opposite of faith. Faith insinuates an acceptance so powerful that one does not need evidence to back up one’s claim. The lack of evidence does not bother the faithful, but it will pester the doubter like an insatiable itch. But the specter of doubt looms over the doubter, demanding that questions be asked of whatever â€Å"fact† has been presented. The doubter will use the four ways of knowing—emotion, reason, language, and sense perception—to answer the questions and become a knower. Doubt is especially necessary in two areas of knowledge: history and human sciences. When studying history, one mu st doubt the stories presented as facts and consider possible distortions created by biases or the passage of time. Without doubt, the field of human science would never advance past the current understanding, leaving human kind stuck in an age of primitive treatment and technology. The accuracy of history is weakened by time, perception, and memory. The Bible, for example, is particularly prone to such weaknesses. Millions of people accept it as fact despite its many fallacies. The events in the Bible are considered to be part of history. Yet such events were written about many years after they actually occurred. For example, Jesus is thought to have died in 33 A.D. This date is considered likely as his death must have occurred before Pontius Pilate left his position in 36 A.D. Y... ...iam. â€Å"The Gospel According to Luke.† The Interpreter’s One-Volume Commentary on the Bible.† Nashville: Abingdon, 1971. 672-706. Print. Bawer, Bruce. "What is Truth?" Rev. of Pontius Pilate , by Ann Wroe. Reviews by Bruce Bawer Fall 2001. Web. 1 Jan. 2011. . Leo, Johnathan. "The Fallacy of the 50% Concordance Rate for Schizophrenia in Identical Twins." Rev. of The Gene Illusion , by Jay Joseph. Human Nature Review. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. . Pentecost, J. Dwight. The Word and Works of Jesus Christ: A Study of the Life of Christ. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2000. Amazon.com. Web. 1 Jan2011.. The Ryrie Study Bible. Chicago: Moody, 1976. Print. New American Standard Translation. Is Doubt the Key to Knowledge? Essay -- Proverb Analysis Doubt is the middle ground between blind acceptance and outright refusal to believe. Doubt lends itself to a certain uncomfortable feeling of questioning but is a necessary tool to reach perceived truth and knowledge. Without doubt, one would believe anything he or she is told; it is a natural filter for the information thrust upon us. Doubt is in some ways the opposite of faith. Faith insinuates an acceptance so powerful that one does not need evidence to back up one’s claim. The lack of evidence does not bother the faithful, but it will pester the doubter like an insatiable itch. But the specter of doubt looms over the doubter, demanding that questions be asked of whatever â€Å"fact† has been presented. The doubter will use the four ways of knowing—emotion, reason, language, and sense perception—to answer the questions and become a knower. Doubt is especially necessary in two areas of knowledge: history and human sciences. When studying history, one mu st doubt the stories presented as facts and consider possible distortions created by biases or the passage of time. Without doubt, the field of human science would never advance past the current understanding, leaving human kind stuck in an age of primitive treatment and technology. The accuracy of history is weakened by time, perception, and memory. The Bible, for example, is particularly prone to such weaknesses. Millions of people accept it as fact despite its many fallacies. The events in the Bible are considered to be part of history. Yet such events were written about many years after they actually occurred. For example, Jesus is thought to have died in 33 A.D. This date is considered likely as his death must have occurred before Pontius Pilate left his position in 36 A.D. Y... ...iam. â€Å"The Gospel According to Luke.† The Interpreter’s One-Volume Commentary on the Bible.† Nashville: Abingdon, 1971. 672-706. Print. Bawer, Bruce. "What is Truth?" Rev. of Pontius Pilate , by Ann Wroe. Reviews by Bruce Bawer Fall 2001. Web. 1 Jan. 2011. . Leo, Johnathan. "The Fallacy of the 50% Concordance Rate for Schizophrenia in Identical Twins." Rev. of The Gene Illusion , by Jay Joseph. Human Nature Review. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. . Pentecost, J. Dwight. The Word and Works of Jesus Christ: A Study of the Life of Christ. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2000. Amazon.com. Web. 1 Jan2011.. The Ryrie Study Bible. Chicago: Moody, 1976. Print. New American Standard Translation.

Southern’s Middle Ages

Southern’s Middle Ages In the novel, â€Å"The Making of the Middle Ages,† author, R. W. Southern, calls attention to the events during the years of 972 and 1204, and how they  influenced the intellectual, religious and cultural traditions of our modern era. This period, lasting well over 200 years, is usually associated with waring knights and starving peasants rather than highly developed intellect and great innovation.However, Southern explains that there were considerable academic and sociological advancements made during this period, that go relatively unnoticed. He refers to these events as a â€Å"secret revolution† and explains that, â€Å"The significant events are often the obscure ones, and the significant utterances are often those of men withdrawn from the world and speaking to a very few. † (Pg. 13)   He reiterates this theme throughout the book, focusing primarily on Christianity, society, and thought.There can be no dispute that the pr ominence of Christianity, during the Middle Ages, has done more to shape the world, as it is today, than possibly any other religion. This is primarily because Christianity offered a unifying, stabilizing force throughout Europe, where a majority of areas had an â€Å"incoherent jumble of laws and customs, difficult to adjust to each other and hard even to understand. The survivals of barbaric codes of law jostled with varying mixtures of Roman law, local custom, and violence†. pg 15) Christendom provided Europe with a unified identity in language, government, and education. It is no great mystery that language plays an important role in the creation of personal relationships between individuals. So when applied on an international stage, language can mean the difference between war and peace. The church’s use of Latin acted as a merging factor in areas where people spoke in diverse and various dialects. As stated by Southern â€Å"This broad similarity of language fr om the lowlands of Scotland to Sicily was a real bond between men. (pg 17) The unifying quality of Latin not only bound men together linguistically, but also allowed those from different countries to move about freely with little or no language barrier. â€Å"The likenesses of language over this broad area were sufficiently pronounced to facilitate ease of movement both of men and of ideas: it took relatively few alterations to make a Provencal song intelligible in England, and a member of the English baronage could, without uch difficulty, make himself at home in Italy† (pg 20). As a side effect of the church being the one constant variable of the European continent, individual governments became subjugated to the power of the church. Christendom had developed such a loyal following that the peoples of the European nations, including those in power, were dependent on the church for moral and political authority. In this way, Christianity helped to unify countries that would otherwise be at odds with each other.Through the unification of these nations, the church grew to be the most commanding institution of Europe, enforcing that â€Å"all paid a form of tribute known as Peter’s Pence, which was the foundation of more or less determined claims to Papal overlordship; and when Bohemia finally became a kingdom, its new status was guaranteed by a Papal confirmation† (pg 27) The influence of the church was so great that all countries were reliant upon it, and were only recognized as sovereign nations, when determined as so, with the expressed confirmation of the Pope.Above all though, the most distinguishing impact that Christianity had, was a result of the crusades. Southern states that, â€Å"Even the Crusades only touched the fringe of this hostile world. But they had one great effect: they opened men’s minds to the size of the uncovered world. † (70) These wars brought people to the edges of their culture and introduced to th em to thier neighbors of the Muslim world where there was a literal collide and infusion of new thought, which Southern calls â€Å"The great period of acquisition†. pg 68) At this time, the advancement in the Muslim’s refined scientific knowledge and mathematic skills, which â€Å"had been intensively cultivated by Moslem Scholars† (65) were transferring and even being sought after by those in academia. The Jewish culture was instrumental as well in that they were effective in the translation of the two different languages. Maribel Dietz, author of â€Å"Wandering Monks,Virgins and Pilgrims† writes on the effects the journeys of the pilgrims had on not only the institutional church, but on society and thought.As stated in her novel â€Å"In an environment of religious, political, and social change, movement itself was now open to a multiplicity of meanings, interpretations, and purposes. †(pg 42) The crusades resulted in a surge of material and in tellectual wealth coming back to Europe from the front lines. Southern discusses the transfer of Muslim knowledge during these wars, Throughout his novel Southern looks at society and the individual. He writes about the importance certain groups and individuals within a particular community as well as the growth of society global scale.One particular group he writes about is women. Women, during this time period, were often given very little recognition. However, the power they wielded during the middle ages was far greater than many have been led to believe. Henry Chaucer often wrote on the subject of women. In his famous poem â€Å"The Canterbury Tales† he gives an in depth look at the power that women held. In one particular section of the poem the wife of bath describes a great deal of her life, omitting very little detail.She describes herself as being a strong woman who makes a habit of manipulating her husbands. â€Å"I will have a husband who will be both my debtor a nd servant, and have his tribulation upon his flesh, while I am his wife. As long as I live I, and not he, have the power over his body. † Regardless of the fact that history shows men as having all the power, in reality women held a great deal of power often through the manipulation of men. While Southern does not address the manipulation of men by women as Chaucer does, he does address the binding nature of marriage.He states in one passage â€Å"the way for this diffusion of rules of conduct and guides to statesmanship was prepared by something less tangible than ideals – it was prepared by the bond of marriage. † During the time in which Southern is writing about, marriage was more that just an expression of love by two individuals. It was an event that could mean the literal difference between life and death. The marriage of a couple was a binding of two families and often two nations if the individuals being married were nobles. In particular he focuses on the influence women have in marriage.Women during this time were married to men for many reasons, each having some sociopolitical ramification. Often times they would leave their home country as a result of a marriage which meant that they were immersed in a new culture, absorbing new ideas as well as spreading ideas from their own homeland. Southern makes a point of this by stating â€Å"Women were less rooted in the soil than men; they brought new influences from distant parts and established bonds between men of little or no identity of purpose or of interest. † This bonding of men from different cultures through women could and did have vast ramifications on society as a whole.One such example is that of Agnes of Aquitaine who was married the King of Germany, and the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry the 3rd. 13 years after their marriage in 1056 Agnes was left widowed and became regent for her infant son. Her reign lasted for 6 years at the end of which she was run out by an upr ising. After her reign ended she became well known for her religious devotion and was the chief ambassador between the Papal court and her son, Holy Roman Emperor, Henry the 4th. She was well known and had considerable influence in the political world. The case Agnes is just one of many that show the power women held during the this time period.Southern moves from the world of women and marriage into the world of men and the nuances of class that men could hold. A common term used when talking about class in the middle ages is the term serf. A serf was a person who was essentially a volintary slave who worked for a lord or religious institution, often working the land and paying a portion of their harvest to their master. It was also possible to be born into serfdom if one was born to parents who were serfs or were promised by their parents to a lord or institution. Education during the middle ages is often seen as something that was essentially non-existant.While it is true that it was more difficult to learn, as a result of geographic restrictions, the enthusiatic pursuit of knowledge never ceased or deminished during this time period. St. Augustine wrote the De Doctrina Christiana, which Southern refers to as â€Å"the most comprehensive syllabus of Christian Studies. †(pg 170) Augustine’s book outlines the way that science is too be used to better understand the bible. It is at this time during the middle ages when science and religion not only go hand in hand, but are practically indistinguishable from each other.And it is not until Boethius attempts to revive the ideas and philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome that this system began to change. Boethius’s dream to translate Greek science and philosophy into Latin, was the precurser to the renaissance and inspired others such as Gerbert, who revived the art of rhetoric. It is at this point that one can begin to see the shift from Augustine’s combination of science and religion i nto a new era when the two begin to split. Southern calls itâ€Å"the divorce between Divine and Secular learning† (pg 173) .What started out as a way of understanding religion was becoming a secular endevoure. Southern, R. W. The Making of The Middle Ages. Fredericksburg, Virgina: BookCrafters, Inc. , 1953. (accessed November 4, 2012). toatinthe Ancien Early in the period covered by this novel scientific knowledge was something that went hand in hand with the search for biblical truth. St. Augustine was wrote on this subject stating that clergy should use science to better interpret the meaning of the bible, and theological studies where indistinguishable with scientific.This changed later on when (insert name here) began to draw a p The majority of the european continent consisted of a rural and uneducated society, with diverse political and religious practices, besieged by violent invaders. Conclusion â€Å"Countries which , in 972, appeared so menacing had become by the end of our period an integral part, and to all appearances a permanent part, of Western Christendom† (pg 27) education the popes kings and emperors united in defensive of the perceived threat of islam and roaming tribes

Index Numbers of Commodity Prices and Industries

Index Numbers of Commodity Prices and Industries In India index numbers are constructed for a wide range of economic subjects and their use is constantly increasing. The construction of index numbers started in India as early as the last quarter of 19th century. The main use of index numbers is to facilitate the assessment of average changes over the years with regard to wide range of economic activities. Many official and non-official agencies compile and publish index numbers of various kind. Index number of industrial production The Index Number of Industrial production was first compiled by the Office of theEconomic Adviser to the Government of India with base 1937 = 100. The index has been revised from time to time with respect to the base year, the basis of weighing and the coverage of items. The current index number is with base 1970 = 100 and the items covered are divided into four groups, viz. , i. Basic industries, it. Capital goods industries, iii. Intermediate goods indus tries and ‘v. Consumer goods industries. Index numbers of commodity prices Index Number of commodity prices may be broadly classified as index number of wholesale prices and index number of retail prices. ) Index number of wholesale prices- The wholesale price index number are of two types: i. The general purpose index is constructed with a view to reflect the changes taking place in the general price level; hence it includes a large number of commodities. i'. A sensitive index on the other hand serves as an indicator of the movements of the general price levels and it includes only few important commodities which generally react quickly to the market trends. The current index number of wholesale prices has 1970-71 as the base year. (b) Index number of retail prices- The chief retail price index numbers ompiled in India are i.Labour bureau index number of retail prices for urban centres and it. Labour bureau index number of retail prices for rural centres. The Labour Bureau, M inistry of Labour, Government of India, compiles and publishes the index number of retail prices for 18 selected urban centres and 11 selected rural centres in various parts of the country on monthly basis. The index number initially had 1944 as the base. Now the construction of this index number is discontinued and it is replaced by simple price relatives of certain selected articles of consumption ith the calendar year 1960 as base year. c) Consumer price index numbers- The consumer price index number compiled and published by the Labour Bureau are important indicators of the changing economic situation in the country. At all India level three different series of consumer price index numbers are compiled. They are: i. Consumer price index of industrial workers, it. Consumer price index for non-manual employees and iii. Consumer price index for agricultural labourers. http://classofl . com/homework-help/statistics-homework-help/

the origins of modern pyscholo essays

the origins of modern pyscholo essays The ten major origins of modern psychology are Wundt and structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, the behavioral perspective, Sigmund Freud and the psychodynamic perspective, the humanistic perspective, the physiological perspective, the evolutionary perspective, the cognitive perspective and the cultural and diversity perspective. Each one of these perspective searches for answers to different kinds off questions. Due to the different approaches, each perspectives form their own assumptions and explanations. Some perspectives are widely accepted while others struggle for acceptance. The first psychologist to be first known is Wilhelm Wundt. He addresses the theory of structuralism which sought and identifies the components of the conscious mind as well as introspective method. The perspectives of structuralism are to break down the contents of the mind into basic unites like the basic elements of matter in chemistry that could identify the structure of conscious experience and describe its major components. William James is one of the first applied psychologists to study functionalism which consists of people use information to adapt to their environment. Functionalism perspectives were to create optimal conditions for learning or selecting the right workers for various jobs. Wolfgang Kohler, a Gestalt psychologist who was born in 1887 and died In 1967, used chimpanzees in the study of insight learning. Kohler who was born in Revel, Estonia and moved to the United States in 1935, did pioneering studies in the behavior of apes that showed the importance of perceptual organization Behaviors refer to any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism. Watson asserted that psychologists could study anything that people do or say -shopping, playing, chess, eating- but they couldn't study scientifically the thoughts, wishes, and feelings that might accompany these observable behaviors. Wa...

Research Paper Format

Research Paper Format Research Paper Format Research Paper Format While writing research paper, you should keep in mind three essential parts of the research paper format: introduction, body, and conclusion. Research paper outline is your guide for organizing parts of your research paper writing into a coherent project.   You need to consult your tutor to get detailed instruction on research paper format. Body is the largest part of research paper writing.   While writing a research paper main body, you need to choose a strategy and keep it through the writing.   If you are able to link description with argument, it functions in a similar way to a quotation.   Research paper reader expects you to discuss it in relation to the content and purpose of writing. You may describe two laws or two kings of England.   Research paper topic determines the research paper format you need to use.   Sometimes, chronological order cannot be applied to theoretical analysis, while the historical research should be presented in chronological order. You may describe a social problem or a scientific discovery prior to going further into discussion of its implications. Research paper is about critical analysis and interpretation. Sure, interpretation should be based on reliable sources.   As essence of research paper writing holds, you have to research something (an issue, an event, etc.).   You should be very careful with the choice of materials and devote a lot of time and efforts to description, analysis, and planning of the research paper format.   You should make points, construct arguments, and remain critical of your own writing. You may analyze pros and cons of what has already been noted on the issue.   For example, you may note that some of the studies have lost their actuality and can no longer be used as a foundation for current research.   Any tutor will advise you to focus your writing on recent publications and be attentive to the personal biases.   Do not let your personal opinion distort the facts! .com Our research paper writers are available 24/7 to assist you with any assignment. Custom written research papers will definitely meet academic requirements and be up to the academic level.   Every writer we employ is capable of following the instruction.   We ensure proper research paper format and logical organization of ideas.   You may have good understanding of the topic, while we know how to put your knowledge and research findings on the paper. Custom written research paper of high quality is your chance to get an A+ on your assignment.

The Doctrine of Judicial Precedent Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The Doctrine of Judicial Precedent - Thesis Example The doctrine of judicial precedent has undergone profound transformations from Eighteenth century onwards in accordance with the changing world. It is not a static concept but constantly evolving. Hence, the difficulty to grasp the relevance and scope of the doctrine of judicial precedent within the English legal system arises. In other words, since the doctrine of judicial precedent is a dynamic concept in both theory and practice, it always redefines its relationship with the legal system as a whole. There is a balance of power between the doctrine of precedent and other provisions in the legal system. Therefore, we need to examine some of the important aspects of English legal system that are closely related to the doctrine of judicial precedent such as the hierarchy of courts, parliament sovereignty, the ideologies of judicial adjudication and so on in order to locate the following of precedents correctly. The doctrine of judicial precedent is intrinsically interpretative. Method ologically, hermeneutic approach would be appropriate to grasp the interpretative nature of precedents and as a doctrine its 'flexible' relationship with the overall legal system. ... Certainly, a conjuncture-level analysis would not always necessarily show the centrality of the doctrine of judicial precedent within the English level system. However, a highest-level abstraction of the English legal system based on its trajectory of evolution and development would show that the doctrine of judicial precedent is at the heart of English legal system.As an idea in general, precedent is not confined with jurisprudence or legal practice. Usually, all sorts of people resort to experiences to guide their present actions. It is an instant help in resolving complex issues by virtue of 'lived in experience'. In addition, reliance on precedent helps the evolution and codification of ideas which otherwise would have been left forgotten in the annals of history. Thus, looking at the past for precedent is also an act of developing a theoretical approach towards it. While exploring the dynamics of the law of primitive man, Hoebel (1964) points out that the doctrine of judicial pr ecedent is not a sole property of the Anglo-American Common Law System. Rather, "primitive law also builds on precedents, for there too, new decisions rest on old rules of law or norms of custom, and new decisions which are sound tend to supply the foundations of future action" (Hoebel, 1964, p. 28). Historically, it is the reproduction Euro-centric, colonial point of view to argue that the doctrine of judicial precedent seems to be (nearly) absent in all legal systems other than English legal system. The idea of precedent is present in almost all the operational legal systems for the simple reason that it cannot be otherwise. Nevertheless, the degree of the influence of the precedent may vary from system to system.